Unfortunately, your browser is too old to work on this site. When considering, however, the events that led to the shooting, professional incompetence left the officers at risk of being shot in the first place. This study demonstrated the direct connection between the development of this syndrome and the application of TASER devices. IvyPanda. View Police use of force Research Papers on Academia.edu for free. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must. In addition to discussing these conceptual issues, the paper also describes how legal mechanisms, such as judicial review and the US Code, have made the excessive use of force difficult to prove at an acceptable legal standard, which may inadvertently stifle efforts to redress abusive police practices and reform police departments in need of reforming. Law Soc Rev 37:513–547, Terrill W (2001) Police coercion. Learn how to educate your community about police use of force, the risks unarmed individuals pose, research on police shooting accuracy and commandments for cops after use of deadly force. Essay on college canteen condensation research paper obstacle college essay, essay on my ambition in life to become a fashion designeressay christmas song: essay writing topic my best friendother ways to say states in an essay how to give your opinion in a research paper, easy outline for research paper: mann gulch critical thinkingthe journey is more important than the destination essay odyssey The following serve as instructive examples: The above scenarios indicate two types of situations during which excessive force may be used by police, and both have their own definitional difficulties associated with them. Free research papers are not written to satisfy your specific instructions. Although these templates have received little empirical validation, they are meaningful because in many cases, they offer a shorthand for describing the conditions under which police officers may resort to brutality. This issue is important for municipal authorities, as some members of the public, particularly those residing in communities characterized by racial segregation and/or systemic economic resource deprivation, may perceive inequities in the distribution of police resources in violation of procedural justice expectations (Jacob 1971). Until measures such as these are implemented, however, the excessive use of force by individual police officers is unlikely to come to an end. Whereas Van Maanen (1978) operationalized the “asshole” perspective as one rooted primarily in the social interactionist tradition, there is evidence that the asshole process also may be driven in part by police subcultural pressures. Some would conclude that the force used by the officer was unnecessary, excessive, and perhaps even illegal; others may conclude that the officer rightly punished a smart-aleck kid who needed to be taught to respect authority. In economically disadvantaged, and “extremely” economically disadvantaged, communities, police misconduct (including violence) led to subsequent increases in violent crime. Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, Carter D (1985) Police brutality: a model for definition, perspective, and control. However, TASER chest shots were banned. Criminology 43:469–498, Kane R, Cronin S (2011) Maintaining order under the rule of law: occupational templates and the police use of force. Though perhaps commonly believed, police officers are not required to match a suspect’s resistance incrementally with force that follows a use of force continuum (Graham v. Connor 1989). From the arresting officer s use of force, to the sentence a judge passes down, to the actual implementation of the sentence, the legal process is riddled with violent acts and interpretations. Moreover, as research has shown, even when plaintiffs are generally successful in proving police brutality at an acceptable legal threshold, juries historically have been reluctant to decide against police officers due to generalized public support for the police, and the fact than many plaintiffs who allege brutality occupy dubious social positions relative to the officers they are accusing. Some people believe that the police should employ any effective methods. Police Officer Use of Deadly Force Research Paper I need a 16-page research paper on the topic of: Police Officer Use of Deadly Force Research Paper. The author thoroughly analyzed reports from different scholar sources. This work also raised the question about conflict of interest in the process of analyzing TASER devices. Also, they increase chances of cardiac arrest and excited delirium syndrome. Also check the list of 100 most popular argumentative research paper topics. In the first article, the authors scrutinize the cases of interactions between the police and people with mental illness (Livingston et al., 2014). For present purposes, Kane found that in economically stable communities, police misconduct had no effect on violent crime. The authors concluded that these tools would have a great impact on police methods in the future. New York University Press, New York, Kerner Commission (1968) Report of the National Advisory Commission on civil disorders. Kubrin and Weitzer (2003) were among the first researchers to find social scientific evidence supporting the above arguments. Different people – e.g., police officers, police administrators, community residents, and promoters of law and order – may have different answers to this question. At the point of contact, the man physically resists the officers’ efforts to subdue and handcuff him. Incident 2: A police officer working traffic duty sits in his marked cruiser at mid-day. In: Neiderhoffer A, Blumberg A (eds) The ambivalent force. In the next work, the author discussed misconceptions relating to the CEWs. 78–79) argued that because the State “claims the monopoly on the legitimate use of force” to enforce its laws, politicians who hope to gain the “obedience” of those whom they govern need not simply do the right thing; politicians must appear to do the right thing. In each event, the triggering incident was related to some form of police abuse, and all post-riot analyses identified abusive police practices, largely in communities characterized by racially concentrated economic resource deprivation and social marginalization, as major causal factors (see: Independent Commission 1991; Kerner Commission 1968; Skolnick and Fyfe 1993). In the process of taking Frye into custody, officers also arrested his mother and brother for unlawfully interfering with the arrest, which led the crowd to switch from throwing bottles to throwing rocks and other large items at police (Barnhill 2010). Also check our tips on how to write a research paper, see the lists of criminal justice research paper topics, and browse research paper examples. A quantitative analysis appr… Jauchem, J. R. (2015). According to the penal law guidelines (sec.35.10), the police have justification for the use of force that is necessary to prevent a crime or homicide. (formerly the National Police Research Unit) has recommended that police services in each jurisdiction establish a use-of-force database for recording details about all incidents where police employ some kind of force (National Police Research Unit 1998).1 Some States, for … Goodyear, Santa Monica, pp 221–238, Walker S (2010) Sense and nonsense about crime, drugs, and communities, 7th edn. This is because police brutality often stems from the same theoretical processes that lead to verbal chastising and psychological abuse during police interrogations (e.g., Carter 1985) – both of which are abusive but not physical. Police Officer Use of Deadly Force Research Paper. Several articles reveal the high level of dissatisfaction with the police methods among people with mental problems. As more officers arrived on scene, the crowd of bystanders also grew until someone finally began throwing bottles and other objects at the officers, who continued their struggle to subdue Frye (Barnhill 2010). In many American police departments, the average staffing ratios call for one sergeant for every nine patrol officers (Walker and Katz 2010), and while scant research highlights what supervisors actually do, at least one study suggests that low spans-of-control (i.e., high ratio of supervisors to officers) decreased excessive force (Terrill 2001). professional specifically for you? Indeed, under such conditions, what may be sacrificed in terms of organizational efficiency may be gained in effectiveness. The confidence that officers placed in their ability to freely “punish” suspects who committed affronts against police authority was perhaps best illustrated by the routine exchanges among officers via their mobile data terminals in which anecdotes describing violent activities – often in racist terminology – were openly exchanged (see: Independent Commission (1991)). Starting at the individual-level, in his largely ethnographic study of the police in “Laconia” (a pseudonym), Muir (1977) interviewed and then observed a group of police officers in an effort to understand how they responded to “critical” incidents in their work settings. Moving more thoroughly into an evaluation of the excessive use of force by police requires some definitional clarity. The unaccountability was particularly pronounced under Chief Daryl Gates, who enjoyed civil service protection and indemnity from lawsuits (Skolnick and Fyfe 1993). The main goal of this paper is to research the issue of the police use of force involving mentally ill people. Approximately 8% of the affected die from this medical condition (Nielsen, 2014). Although the driver of the pickup truck was not physically combative with the officer who stopped him, he was defiant, and he failed to comply with the lawful order of police officer, namely, to produce his operator’s license. We pursue this by conducting a content analysis of use of force polices from the twenty largest U.S. cities by population. Future of Policing - Police Officer Use of Deadly Force - I need a 16-page research paper on the topic of: Police Officer Use of Deadly Force Research Paper. Although the NYPD over that time period may not have systematically recruited persons with diverse characteristics or personal histories, the results of bringing diverse pools of recruits into policing are clear: Organizational misconduct declines. People report about cases when law officers have used excessive force against them. During the 1992 riot, the LAPD and the California National Guard killed 53 people. It is now commonly known that “Laconia” was Oakland, CA, a large city that employed 800 police officers at the time of Muir’s research, and which was characterized by high levels of racially concentrated economic resource deprivation and crime. Despite this landmark decision that made the “defense of life” standard the law of the land, the Court in Garner failed to outline circumstances under which deadly force was permissible. Although the examination of unnecessary force is largely beyond the scope of this research paper, it is important to at least identify because (1) it represents a component of the overall use of force construct, and (2) likely happens more frequently than does excessive force, often without the subsequent application of accountability remedies (Fyfe 1986). Accordingly, our research questions are aimed at understanding how use of force policies, police violence, and public health intersect. This research paper examines the use of excessive force by police through the perspectives offered above while also noting the difficulty and complexities involved in defining police brutality. AN EXAMINATION OF POLICE BRUTALITY IN THE UNITED STATES: WORKING AND LIVING IN A STATE OF FEAR Latrice Marshall Under the Supervision of Ann Krebs Byrne, MSE For this research paper, police brutality and the use of excessive force against minorities, specifically Black males, were examined. 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